Correct Answer: B. Barium plaster
Solution:
Barium plaster, which is made from barium sulphate, has a high density and is used to coat the walls of X-ray rooms. This plaster absorbs radiation, protecting personnel working in and around the room.
Correct Answer: C. The tank is empty
Solution:
The most critical design condition for the walls of an underground tank is when it's empty. In this state, the walls must resist the full external pressure from the surrounding soil and groundwater without any counteracting pressure from water inside the tank.
Correct Answer: C. 0.5 for each side
Solution:
According to Indian Standard IS 1200 for the measurement of building works, the multiplying factor for calculating the paint area of fully glazed or gauzed steel doors is 0.50 for each side, due to the large open area.
Correct Answer: B. It is slightly soluble in water
Solution:
Plaster of Paris is made from gypsum. Its slight solubility in water makes it unsuitable for exterior surfaces, as exposure to rain and moisture would cause it to degrade and wash away over time.
Correct Answer: B. A double shutter door with a width of 12 modules and height of 20 modules
Solution:
In the IS designation system for openings: 'D' stands for Door, 'T' for double shutter, the first number (12) is the width in modules (1 module = 100mm), and the second number (20) is the height in modules. So, 12DT20 represents a door frame 1200 mm wide and 2000 mm high with double shutters.
Correct Answer: B. To prevent moisture from rising up the walls
Solution:
A Damp Proof Course (DPC) is an impermeable barrier built into a wall to prevent capillary action from drawing moisture upwards from the ground into the main structure, which can cause dampness and structural damage.
Correct Answer: B. Shoring
Solution:
Shoring is the process of temporarily supporting a building, vessel, structure, or trench with shores (props) when in danger of collapse or during repairs or alterations. Scaffolding provides access, while underpinning strengthens foundations.
Correct Answer: C. Underpinning
Solution:
Underpinning is the method of strengthening or deepening the foundation of an existing structure, typically to correct settlement issues or to allow for the construction of a new, deeper basement.
Correct Answer: B. Stretcher
Solution:
A stretcher is a brick laid with its longer, narrow side exposed on the face of the wall. A header is laid with its shorter, wider end exposed.
Correct Answer: C. Wired glass
Solution:
Wired glass has a grid of thin metal wire embedded within it. During a fire, the glass may crack from the heat, but the wire mesh holds the pieces together, preventing the spread of flames and smoke.
Correct Answer: C. Quarrying
Solution:
Quarrying is the general term for the process of extracting stone or other materials from the earth by cutting, digging, or blasting.
Correct Answer: B. Binder
Solution:
The binder (or vehicle) is the film-forming component of paint. It binds the pigment particles together and to the surface being painted, hardening into a solid film after the solvent evaporates.
Correct Answer: B. The ground near the wall needs to be free from obstruction
Solution:
Cantilever or needle scaffolding is anchored to the building at one end and projects outwards. It is used when the ground cannot support a standard scaffold, or when the area below must be kept clear for traffic or other activities.
Correct Answer: C. Jambs
Solution:
Jambs are the vertical posts that form the sides of a door frame, window frame, or fireplace opening.
Correct Answer: B. Maintaining moisture and temperature conditions for concrete to achieve desired strength
Solution:
Curing is the process of protecting concrete from moisture loss and keeping it within a reasonable temperature range. This allows the cement to hydrate properly, which is essential for the concrete to develop its full potential strength and durability.
Correct Answer: B. Joinery
Solution:
Joinery specifically refers to the joining of pieces of wood, especially in a way that forms part of a building, such as making doors, windows, and stairs. Carpentry is a broader term that includes structural timber work.
Correct Answer: B. Bay window
Solution:
A bay window is a window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room. A dormer is a window set vertically into a sloping roof, and a skylight is set in the roof itself.
Correct Answer: C. Calcium Chloride
Solution:
Calcium chloride is a widely used and effective accelerating admixture. It speeds up the hydration of cement, leading to a faster setting time and early strength development, which is particularly useful in cold weather concreting.
Correct Answer: C. Hygroscopicity
Solution:
Hygroscopicity is the phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules from the surrounding environment. Materials like timber exhibit this property.
Correct Answer: A. English Bond
Solution:
English bond is characterized by having one course of stretchers and the next course of headers. It is considered one of the strongest types of brick bonds.
Correct Answer: B. Pointing
Solution:
Pointing is the process of finishing the mortar joints in brickwork or stonework. The joints are raked out to a certain depth and then filled with a suitable mortar to give a neat appearance and protect the joint from weather.
Correct Answer: C. Ledgers
Solution:
Ledgers are the main horizontal tubes that connect the vertical tubes (standards) in a scaffold, providing support for the working platforms.
Correct Answer: B. Veneer
Solution:
Veneer refers to very thin slices of wood, usually thinner than 3 mm, that are glued onto panels of cheaper wood (like MDF or particleboard) to provide a decorative and high-quality wood grain finish.
Correct Answer: C. Newel stair
Solution:
A newel stair (or dog-legged stair) consists of two flights running in opposite directions, connected by a landing. There is no open space or well between the two flights.
Correct Answer: B. Spandrel
Solution:
The spandrel is the roughly triangular space, usually found in pairs, between the top of an arch and the rectangular frame in which it is set.
Correct Answer: C. Galvanizing
Solution:
Galvanizing is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron to prevent rusting. The zinc coating acts as a sacrificial anode, corroding before the steel does.
Correct Answer: B. Ductility
Solution:
Ductility is a measure of a material's ability to undergo significant plastic deformation before rupture, which may be expressed as percent elongation or percent area reduction. It is what allows a metal to be drawn into a wire.
Correct Answer: C. Finishing coat
Solution:
In a multi-coat plaster system, the final layer applied is known as the finishing coat or setting coat. It provides the smooth, final surface that is ready for decoration.
Correct Answer: C. A small space provided between a water closet and an inner room
Solution:
An air lock is a small chamber or lobby with doors at both ends, placed between a space like a bathroom or WC and another room (like a kitchen or living room). It prevents odors and sounds from traveling directly between the two areas.
Correct Answer: B. Workability
Solution:
The water-cement ratio is the single most important factor governing the strength and durability of concrete, but for fresh concrete, its primary influence is on workability. A higher ratio makes the concrete more fluid and easier to place, though it can reduce the final strength if it is too high.