Modulus of elasticity for concrete improves by:
Try it first: pick an option, then read the explanation.
Correct answer: B. Age
How Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Improves
The modulus of elasticity of concrete (Ec = 5000√fck) increases with age because compressive strength increases with age. As the concrete matures, continued hydration produces more C-S-H gel, filling capillary pores and stiffening the microstructure. A higher strength means a higher Ec.
A shorter curing period or a higher w/c ratio both reduce long-term strength (and therefore Ec).
Ec improves with age — option B.
Key takeaway
Ec ∝ √fck ∝ age. Longer, proper curing → higher strength → higher modulus.