Numerical (Water)

A Kaplan turbine runner is to be designed to develop 7357.5 kW S.P. The net available head is 10 m. Assume that the speed ratio is 1.8 and flow ratio is 0.6. If the overall efficiency is 70% and diameter of the boss is 0.4 times the diameter of the runner, find the diameter of the runner, its speed and specific speed.

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Kaplan Turbine Design Calculation Problem Statement A Kaplan turbine runner is to be designed to develop 7357.5 kW S.P. The […]

A Kaplan turbine runner is to be designed to develop 7357.5 kW S.P. The net available head is 10 m. Assume that the speed ratio is 1.8 and flow ratio is 0.6. If the overall efficiency is 70% and diameter of the boss is 0.4 times the diameter of the runner, find the diameter of the runner, its speed and specific speed. Read More »

A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 15 m develops 7357.5 kW shaft power. The outer diameter of the runner is 4 m and hub diameter is 2 m. The guide blade angle at the extreme edge of the runner is 30°. The hydraulic and overall efficiencies of the turbine are 90% and 85% respectively. If the velocity of whirl is zero at outlet, determine : (i) runner vane angles at inlet and outlet at the extreme edge of the runner and (ii) speed of the turbine.

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Kaplan Turbine Design Calculation Problem Statement A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 15 m develops 7357.5 kW shaft

A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 15 m develops 7357.5 kW shaft power. The outer diameter of the runner is 4 m and hub diameter is 2 m. The guide blade angle at the extreme edge of the runner is 30°. The hydraulic and overall efficiencies of the turbine are 90% and 85% respectively. If the velocity of whirl is zero at outlet, determine : (i) runner vane angles at inlet and outlet at the extreme edge of the runner and (ii) speed of the turbine. Read More »

The following data is given for a Francis turbine : Net head = 70 m, speed = 600 r.p.m., shaft power = 367.875 kW, overall efficiency = 85% , hydraulic efficiency = 95%, flow ratio = 0.25, breadth ratio = 0.1, outer diameter of the runner = 2 x inner diameter of runner. The thickness of vanes occupy 10% of the circumferential area of the runner. Velocity of flow is constant at inlet and outlet and discharge is radial at outlet. Determine : (i) Guide blade angle, (ii) Runner vane angles at inlet and outlet, (iii) Diameters of runner at inlet and outlet, and (iv) Width of wheel at inlet.

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Francis Turbine Design (Advanced) Problem Statement The following data is given for a Francis turbine : Net head = 70

The following data is given for a Francis turbine : Net head = 70 m, speed = 600 r.p.m., shaft power = 367.875 kW, overall efficiency = 85% , hydraulic efficiency = 95%, flow ratio = 0.25, breadth ratio = 0.1, outer diameter of the runner = 2 x inner diameter of runner. The thickness of vanes occupy 10% of the circumferential area of the runner. Velocity of flow is constant at inlet and outlet and discharge is radial at outlet. Determine : (i) Guide blade angle, (ii) Runner vane angles at inlet and outlet, (iii) Diameters of runner at inlet and outlet, and (iv) Width of wheel at inlet. Read More »

A Francis turbine with an overall efficiency of 70% is required to produce 147.15 kW. It is working under a head of 8 m. The wheel runs at 200 r.p.m. and the hydraulic losses in the turbine are 20% of the available energy. Assume radial discharge, determine : (i) The guide blade angle, (ii) The wheel vane angle at inlet, (iii) Diameter of the wheel at inlet, and (iv) Width of the wheel at inlet.

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Francis Turbine Design Calculation Problem Statement A Francis turbine with an overall efficiency of 70% is required to produce 147.15

A Francis turbine with an overall efficiency of 70% is required to produce 147.15 kW. It is working under a head of 8 m. The wheel runs at 200 r.p.m. and the hydraulic losses in the turbine are 20% of the available energy. Assume radial discharge, determine : (i) The guide blade angle, (ii) The wheel vane angle at inlet, (iii) Diameter of the wheel at inlet, and (iv) Width of the wheel at inlet. Read More »

An outward flow reaction turbine has internal and external diameters of the runner as 0.5 m and 1.0 m respectively. The guide blade angle is 15° and velocity of flow through the runner is constant and equal to 3 m/s. If the speed of the turbine is 250 r.p.m., head on turbine is 10 m and discharge at outlet is radial, determine : (i) The runner vane angles at inlet and outlet, (ii) Work done by the water on the runner per second per unit weight of water striking per second and (iii) Hydraulic efficiency.

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Outward Flow Reaction Turbine Analysis Problem Statement An outward flow reaction turbine has internal and external diameters of the runner

An outward flow reaction turbine has internal and external diameters of the runner as 0.5 m and 1.0 m respectively. The guide blade angle is 15° and velocity of flow through the runner is constant and equal to 3 m/s. If the speed of the turbine is 250 r.p.m., head on turbine is 10 m and discharge at outlet is radial, determine : (i) The runner vane angles at inlet and outlet, (ii) Work done by the water on the runner per second per unit weight of water striking per second and (iii) Hydraulic efficiency. Read More »

An inward flow reaction turbine has an external diameter of 1 m and its breadth at inlet is 200 mm. If the velocity of flow at inlet is 1.5 m/s, find the mass of water passing through the turbine per second. Assume 15% of the area of flow is blocked by blade thickness. If the speed of the runner is 200 r.p.m. and guide blades make an angle of 15° to the wheel tangent, draw the inlet velocity triangle and find: (i) The runner vane angle at inlet (ii) Velocity of wheel at inlet, (iii) The absolute velocity of water leaving the guide vanes, and (iv) The relative velocity of water entering the runner blade.

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Inward Flow Reaction Turbine – Inlet Velocity Triangle Problem Statement An inward flow reaction turbine has an external diameter of

An inward flow reaction turbine has an external diameter of 1 m and its breadth at inlet is 200 mm. If the velocity of flow at inlet is 1.5 m/s, find the mass of water passing through the turbine per second. Assume 15% of the area of flow is blocked by blade thickness. If the speed of the runner is 200 r.p.m. and guide blades make an angle of 15° to the wheel tangent, draw the inlet velocity triangle and find: (i) The runner vane angle at inlet (ii) Velocity of wheel at inlet, (iii) The absolute velocity of water leaving the guide vanes, and (iv) The relative velocity of water entering the runner blade. Read More »

An inward flow reaction turbine has external and internal diameters as 1.2 m and 0.6 m respectively. The velocity of flow through the runner is constant and is equal to 1.8 m/s. Determine : (i) Discharge through the runner, and (ii) Width at outlet if the width at inlet= 200 mm.

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Inward Flow Reaction Turbine Calculation Problem Statement An inward flow reaction turbine has external and internal diameters as 1.2 m

An inward flow reaction turbine has external and internal diameters as 1.2 m and 0.6 m respectively. The velocity of flow through the runner is constant and is equal to 1.8 m/s. Determine : (i) Discharge through the runner, and (ii) Width at outlet if the width at inlet= 200 mm. Read More »

Design a Pelton wheel for a head of 80 m and speed 300 r.p.m. The Pelton wheel develops 103 kW S.P. Take C_v = 0.98, speed ratio = 0.45 and overall efficiency = 0.80.

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Pelton Wheel Design Calculation Problem Statement Design a Pelton wheel for a head of 80 m and speed 300 r.p.m.

Design a Pelton wheel for a head of 80 m and speed 300 r.p.m. The Pelton wheel develops 103 kW S.P. Take C_v = 0.98, speed ratio = 0.45 and overall efficiency = 0.80. Read More »

The following data is related to the Pelton wheel : Head at the base of the nozzle = 110 m, Diameter of the jet = 7.5 cm, Discharge of the nozzle = 200 litres/s, Shaft power = 191.295 kW, Power absorbed in mechanical resistance = 3.675 kW. Determine : (i) Power lost in nozzle and, (ii) Power lost due to hydraulic resistance in the runner.

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Pelton Wheel Power Loss Analysis Problem Statement The following data is related to the Pelton wheel : Head at the

The following data is related to the Pelton wheel : Head at the base of the nozzle = 110 m, Diameter of the jet = 7.5 cm, Discharge of the nozzle = 200 litres/s, Shaft power = 191.295 kW, Power absorbed in mechanical resistance = 3.675 kW. Determine : (i) Power lost in nozzle and, (ii) Power lost due to hydraulic resistance in the runner. Read More »

Two jets strike at buckets of a Pelton wheel, which is having shaft power as 14,715 kW. The diameter of each jet is given as 150 mm. If the net head on the turbine is 500 m, find the overall efficiency of the turbine. Take C_v = 1.0.

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Two-Jet Pelton Wheel Efficiency Calculation Problem Statement Two jets strike at buckets of a Pelton wheel, which is having shaft

Two jets strike at buckets of a Pelton wheel, which is having shaft power as 14,715 kW. The diameter of each jet is given as 150 mm. If the net head on the turbine is 500 m, find the overall efficiency of the turbine. Take C_v = 1.0. Read More »

A Pelton wheel is having a mean bucket diameter of 0.8 m and is running at 1000 r.p.m. The net head on the Pelton wheel is 400 m. If the side clearance angle is 15° and discharge through nozzle is 150 litres/s, find : (i) Power available at the nozzle, and (ii) Hydraulic efficiency of the turbine.

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Pelton Wheel Efficiency Calculation Problem Statement A Pelton wheel is having a mean bucket diameter of 0.8 m and is

A Pelton wheel is having a mean bucket diameter of 0.8 m and is running at 1000 r.p.m. The net head on the Pelton wheel is 400 m. If the side clearance angle is 15° and discharge through nozzle is 150 litres/s, find : (i) Power available at the nozzle, and (ii) Hydraulic efficiency of the turbine. Read More »

A Pelton wheel is to be designed for the following specifications. Shaft Power= 735.75 kW, Head= 200 m, Speed= 800 r.p.m., Overall efficiency = 0.86 and jet diameter is not to exceed one-tenth the wheel diameter. Determine : (i) Wheel diameter, (ii) The number of jets required, and (iii) Diameter of the jet. Take C_v = 0.98 and speed ratio = 0.45.

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Pelton Wheel Design Calculation Problem Statement A Pelton wheel is to be designed for the following specifications. Shaft Power= 735.75

A Pelton wheel is to be designed for the following specifications. Shaft Power= 735.75 kW, Head= 200 m, Speed= 800 r.p.m., Overall efficiency = 0.86 and jet diameter is not to exceed one-tenth the wheel diameter. Determine : (i) Wheel diameter, (ii) The number of jets required, and (iii) Diameter of the jet. Take C_v = 0.98 and speed ratio = 0.45. Read More »

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